Mandatory employer health cover in France (2013 national agreement)
An obligation, since 1 January 2016, for every private-sector employer to offer employees group supplementary health cover funded at least half by the employer, stemming from the 2013 agreement.
The national cross-industry agreement of 11 January 2013, enacted by the law of 14 June 2013 on job security, required all private-sector employers to provide their employees with group supplementary health cover from 1 January 2016. The employer must fund at least half of the contribution, and the policy must cover a minimum basket of benefits, set by decree and aligned with the responsible contract specifications. The same agreement generalized portability: an employee who loses a job and receives unemployment benefit keeps health and protection cover free of charge for up to twelve months. The reform produced two major market effects. It shifted a large share of health insurance from the individual market to group business, where prices are negotiated and margins thinner. And it opened a legal battle: industry sectors often designated a single insurer, and the Constitutional Council, in a decision of 13 June 2013, struck down these designation clauses in the name of freedom of enterprise, replacing them with a mere recommendation. Retirees, the long-term unemployed and the self-employed remain outside the scheme, which concentrated the oldest, and therefore costliest, populations in the individual market.
A six-employee bakery with no group plan in 2015 must take one out by 1 January 2016. It chooses a plan at 60 euros per employee per month, of which it pays 30, and gives each employee the written unilateral decision establishing the plan.
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