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AI

Artificial intelligence both as a risk object and as a working tool: architectures, model-specific failures, data governance, and the European framework that applies to them.

104 terms

Adversarial examples Aerial and satellite imagery in underwriting Agency theory Agentic AI AI incident databases AI model supply chain AI performance insurance AI regulatory sandbox Algorithmic accountability Algorithmic bias Algorithmic black box Algorithmic discrimination Algorithmic hallucination Algorithmic labor (Lalgo)Algorithmic monoculture (software single point of failure)ALM model (Autor-Levy-Murnane)Alternative data in underwriting Anomaly detection Automated submission triage Automation bias Autonomous agent Benchmark contamination California frontier AI transparency law (SB 53, 2025)CAPEX / OPEX Carbon footprint of model training Class imbalance Cognitive marginal cost Colorado law on high-risk AI systems (2024)Computer vision for claims Conformal prediction Context window Cross-validation Customer service chatbot Data governance Data labeling Data leakage through assistant prompts Data poisoning Decision tree Differential privacy Digital twin Direct prompt injection Embedding Embodied AI Emergent abilities Excessive agency Explainability (explainable AI)False positives (fraud detection)Feature engineering Federated learning Fine-tuning Flash Crash Foundation model Fraud score General-Purpose AI Code of Practice (2025)Generated content watermarking Gradient boosting Guardrails Human in the loop Human oversight Intelligent document processing (IDP)ISO/IEC 42001 Jailbreak Large Language Model (LLM)Liability for AI hallucinations Machine unlearning Membership inference attack Mobley v. Workday Model card Model collapse Model Context Protocol (MCP)Model distillation Model drift Model evaluations (evals)Model extraction attack Model inversion attack Multi-agent systems Natural language processing Network analysis (fraud)Neural network New York City bias audit law for hiring tools (2023)NIST AI Risk Management Framework Oracle (parametric insurance)Overfitting Polanyi's paradox Prompt engineering Proxy discrimination Random forest ReAct (Reasoning and Acting)Reinforcement learning Reinforcement learning from human feedback Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)Rules engine SHAP values (Shapley additive explanations)Straight-through processing Supervised learning Synthetic data Systemic risk of a general-purpose AI model Technological hold-up Text and data mining for training data Transformer architecture Underwriting copilot Unsupervised learning Vector database Zero-Employee Firm

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